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It
was not until the late twentieth century that beaches and beachfront
property became financially valuable in the Cayman Islands. Early settlers
preferred to live on firmer ground, being keenly aware of the threats
from storm damage and flooding. The beaches were the areas traditionally
chosen for burial sites. The sandy shoreline was easier to excavate
than the rocky limestone interior of the island, and was of no particular
value for farming or other purposes.
The explosion of the tourist industry
which started in the 1950's
radically changed concepts of land value. Caymanians suddenly found
that what they had considered to be the least important of their land
holdings were now in great demand, and many sold their land for development.
Within a few years the most substantial stretch of beach, Seven Mile
Beach on Grand Cayman, had changed its character beyond recognition.
Hotels, restaurants, shopping centres and condominiums now blanket
the original beach ridge, and the native flora and fauna have been
largely replaced with imported, cultivated plants, domestic animals,
asphalt paving and buildings. Seven Mile Beach today is one of the
finest recreational beaches in the world, but it bears little relation
to Cayman's original landscape.
Probably the most dramatic changes in the
beaches' plant life has been the introduction of the Casuarina , or
Australian Pine, to
Cayman's sandy coastlines. These impressive and elegant trees,
much loved for the attractive silhouette of their needle leaves against
the setting sun, tower above the hotels and can be seen for miles offshore.
They are native to Australia, but here on the opposite side of the
globe, these trees reproduce rapidly and are gradually displacing the
native Sea Grape vegetation. They carpet the ground with fallen leaves
preventing other plants from germinating, and in storm conditions they
tend to topple with their shallow roots tearing up the beach and leaving
the coast acutely vulnerable to erosion.
With beach front property in
Cayman now among some of the most expensive real estate in the world,
protection of remnant stretches of natural
beach is a difficult undertaking. It was particularly significant therefore
when, in 1990, Mr. And Mrs. Charles Adams, of the former Cayman Heritage
Trust, donated a small area of beach to the National Trust for the
Cayman Islands to be held in trust forever for the people of the Cayman
Islands under the National Trust for the Cayman Islands Law, 1987.
The 0.87 acre property, now known as Heritage Beach in recognition
of the original donors, is situated towards the eastern end of Grand
Cayman, on the south coast near Cottage Point.
Heritage Beach is presently
home to a mixture of native coastal plants and some introduced ornamentals.
Much of the original Sea Grape vegetation
was cleared away long ago, and a few young Casuarina trees were already
established on the site when the Trust accepted ownership. Half the
property is located on the land side of the main coastal road, and
this includes a small group of native woodland trees.
The beach is managed
with unrestricted public access, a policy which the Trust expects to
continue for the foreseeable future. Modest plans
for the future enhancement of the site include provision of a small
car parking area on the landward side of the road, and picnic facilities
on the beach side.
There is also some potential for the use of the site
as a small conservation area for endangered coastal plant species.
Some of Cayman's unique
plant life is specially adapted to growing in sandy coastal areas.
The gradual replacement of invasive foreign species such as the Casuarina,
and careful encouragement of native trees, shrubs and herbs will eventually
be accompanied by the placement of inconspicuous identification labels
on plants of interest.
The beach is not well suited for swimming, its
grades into shallows with abundant Turtle Grass, a biologically productive
system important
to a diversity of marine life. A beautiful view across Frank Sound
lagoon does, however, make Heritage Beach an appealing picnic spot.
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